OLTP
Online transaction processing
takes care of the day-to-day transaction related data.
The data keeps changing every day. The focus for OLTP is to be able to access every single record. Replicating the data is very difficult as OLTP has a very complex data model compared to OLAP.
The data keeps changing every day. The focus for OLTP is to be able to access every single record. Replicating the data is very difficult as OLTP has a very complex data model compared to OLAP.
The main emphasis for OLTP system is put on very fast query processing, maintaining data integrity in multi access environment and an effectiveness measured by number of transactions per second.
Example: In a banking System, you
withdraw amount from your account. Then Account Number, Withdrawal amount,
Available Amount, Balance Amount, Transaction Number etc are operational data elements.
OLAP
Online analytical processing
stores historic data which is useful for analysis and reporting. It contains
snapshot and event (fact) tables.
Replication of data is easy here as the data model is simplified.
I have listed below some of the
basic differences between OLTP and OLAP:
Points
|
OLTP
|
OLAP
|
Speed
|
Fast
|
Depends on the data
|
Storage requirements
|
Less if old data is archived
|
Large
|
Data Source
|
Operational Data
|
From OLTP databases
|
Normalization
|
Highly normalized
|
Less normalized
|
Queries
|
One tuple at a time
|
Aggregate queries
|
Query type
|
Insert, update, delete
|
Select
|
2) Data marts or data warehouse can be maintained as OLAP
systems
3) OLTP is used for business reporting
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